Dab tsi yog stator thiab rotor hauv induction motor

Lub stator yog nyob ruaj ruaj (tso) ib feem ntawm lub induction lub cev muaj zog, mounted ntawm lub cev muaj zog ncej. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog tsim kom muaj qhov sib nqus sib nqus (RMF) thaum lub AC muab khoom txuas nrog nws. Qhov no rotating magnetic teb yog lub zog tsav uas induces motion nyob rau hauv lub rotor.

1.Structure ntawm Stator

Lub stator muaj peb yam tseem ceeb:

•Stator Core: Ua los ntawm nyias, laminated silicon steel los xij (0.35-0.5 hli tuab) sib dhos ua ke. Lamination yog ua kom txo qis eddy tam sim no losses-tam sim no induced nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais vim yog hloov magnetic teb, uas yuav txwv tsis pub ua kom sov thiab pov tseg lub zog. Cov tub ntxhais muaj qhov nyob ntawm nws sab hauv los tuav lub stator windings.

•Stator Windings: Copper lossis aluminium coils raug mob rau hauv cov qhov ntawm stator core. Nyob rau hauv feem ntau induction motors, lub stator yog peb -theem winding (txuas nyob rau hauv lub hnub qub los yog delta configuration), uas yog muab nrog peb -theem AC zog. Qhov kev npaj ntawm cov windings no yog tsim los xws li thaum AC ntws los ntawm lawv, ib tug sib nqus teb uas tig ntawm ib tug tas li ceev (synchronous ceev) yog tsim.

•Stator Ncej: Cov txheej txheem nruj nruj (feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov hlau cam khwb cia lossis txhuas) uas txhawb nqa cov tub ntxhais stator thiab tiv thaiv cov khoom siv sab hauv. Nws kuj ua hauj lwm raws li lub dab dej kub kom dissipate tshav kub generated thaum lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm.

2.Function ntawm Stator

Thaum peb -theem AC nkag mus rau stator windings, txhua theem tsim ib qho chaw sib nqus uas sib txawv ntawm sinusoidally nrog lub sijhawm. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm peb theem magnetic teb no ua rau ib qho kev sib nqus sib nqus (RMF) uas tig ib ncig ntawm stator lub axis ntawm qhov ceev hu uasynchronous ceev(Ns). Lub synchronous ceev nyob ntawm qhov zaus ntawm AC mov (f) thiab tus naj npawb ntawm ncej khub (P) hauv stator, muab los ntawm cov mis: Ns=(120f)/P. Qhov no rotating magnetic teb txiav los ntawm rotor conductors, inducing ib tug electromotive quab yuam (EMF) nyob rau hauv lub rotor -qhov no yog lub hauv paus ntawm electromagnetic induction nyob rau hauv lub cev muaj zog.

Lub rotor yog lub rotating ib feem ntawm lub induction lub cev muaj zog, mounted rau ib tug ncej uas txuas sab nraum lub cev muaj zog ncej. Nws nyob hauv lub stator, nrog rau qhov sib txawv me me (feem ntau 0.2-2 hli) ntawm stator thiab rotor cores. Lub rotor lub luag haujlwm yog los hloov cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob los ntawm lub stator lub rotating magnetic teb mus rau hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob, uas tsav lub load (xws li, twj, kiv cua, conveyors).

Hom thiab Cov Qauv ntawm Rotor

Muaj ob lub ntsiab ntawm rotors siv nyob rau hauv induction motors, txawv nyob rau hauv lawv cov kev tsim kho thiab daim ntawv thov:

1.Squirrel Cage Rotor

Qhov no yog hom rotor feem ntau, muaj npe rau nws qhov zoo ib yam li squirrel lub tawb. Nws cov qauv muaj xws li:

•Rotor Core: Zoo ib yam li cov tub ntxhais stator, nws yog ua los ntawm laminated silicon steel los xij nrog cov qhov nyob ntawm nws sab nrauv.

• Rotors Bars: Copper los yog aluminium bars muab tso rau hauv lub qhov ntawm lub rotor core. Cov kab no luv luv -circuited ntawm ob qhov kawg los ntawm ob lub nplhaib tooj liab lossis txhuas (hu ua lub nplhaib kawg), ua lub voj kaw.

Cov squirrel tawb rotor yog qhov yooj yim, muaj zog, tsis tshua muaj nqi -, thiab yuav tsum muaj kev saib xyuas tsawg, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau feem ntau cov kev lag luam thiab hauv tsev (xws li, kiv cua, twj, compressors).

2.Qhov mob Rotor

Lub qhov txhab rotor (tseem hu ua lub nplhaib ntiv nplhaib rotor) muaj cov qauv siv ntau dua, tsim rau cov ntawv thov uas yuav tsum tau hloov pauv ceev lossis siab pib torque (xws li cranes, elevators, crushers). Nws cov qauv muaj xws li:

•Rotor Core: Laminated silicon steel nplooj ntawv nrog cov qhov los tuav lub rotor windings.

•Rotor Windings: Peb-theem windings zoo ib yam li stator windings, txuas nrog lub hnub qub teeb tsa. Peb qhov kawg ntawm cov windings yog txuas nrog peb lub nplhaib mounted ntawm lub rotor ncej.

• Ntiv nplhaib thiab txhuam: Lub nplhaib plam yog nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov pa roj carbon nyob ruaj ruaj, uas tso cai rau cov resistors sab nraud txuas nrog lub rotor windings. Qhov no enables tswj cov rotor tam sim no, yog li kho lub cev muaj zog ceev thiab pib torque.

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm Rotor

Thaum lub stator rotating magnetic teb txiav los ntawm rotor conductors, Faraday txoj cai ntawm electromagnetic induction induces EMF nyob rau hauv lub rotor. Txij li thaum lub rotor conductors tsim ib lub voj kaw (txawm yog los ntawm qhov kawg rings nyob rau hauv squirrel tawb rotors los yog lwm yam resistors nyob rau hauv lub qhov txhab rotors), qhov induced EMF generates ib tug tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub rotor (hu ua rotor tam sim no). Lub rotor tam sim no cuam tshuam nrog stator lub rotating magnetic teb, ua ib tug neeg kho tshuab quab yuam (Lorentz quab yuam) uas ua rau lub rotor tig nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev raws li lub rotating magnetic teb.

Ib tug yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm induction motors yog hais tias lub rotor ceev (N) yog ib txwm tsawg dua lub synchronous ceev (Ns) ntawm lub stator lub magnetic teb - qhov txawv no hu uaplam(s), muab los ntawm cov mis: s=(Ns - N)/Ns × 100%. Slip yog tsim nyog rau induction tshwm sim (yog hais tias lub rotor ceev sib npaug ntawm synchronous ceev, tsis muaj cov txheeb ze txav ntawm lub magnetic teb thiab rotor conductors, yog li tsis muaj EMF induced). Tus nqi qis tshaj plaws rau induction motors muaj li ntawm 1% mus rau 5% nyob rau hauv tag nrho load.